“Nobody Taught Me to Read the Air"

Housing, belonging, and religious adaptation among Muslim international students in Japan

Authors

  • Hafsa Rifki Keio University/Hassan II University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32674/p9adez72

Keywords:

Muslim international students, student housing, dormitories, place-making, intercultural competence, inclusive education, SDG4, Japan

Abstract

This study explores how university housing influences cultural adaptation and belonging among Muslim international students in Japan. Positioned within a higher education setting characterized by indirect communication, standardized residential facilities, and limited institutional acknowledgment of religious differences, the research uses a qualitative, multimethod approach that includes autoethnography, semistructured interviews, and spatial analysis. The findings reveal that dormitories serve as important socio-spatial environments in which religious practices, daily routines, and social interactions are continually negotiated. Four interconnected themes emerged: managing halal food practices in shared kitchens, modifying spaces for ritual cleanliness and prayer, personalizing uniform rooms, and developing peer networks as informal support systems. The analysis demonstrates that seemingly neutral housing designs shift the burden of adaptation onto students. 

Author Biography

  • Hafsa Rifki, Keio University/Hassan II University

    HAFSA RIFKI, PhD, is a registered architect and researcher in architecture and community design at Keio University in Tokyo and a PhD candidate in sociology at Hassan II University in Casablanca. Her work explores mobility, identity, and the meaning of home in transnational contexts. Her research focuses on the experiences of international students in Japan, with particular attention to understudied groups from the Global South and religious minorities, examining how campus environments shape belonging, adaptation, and everyday life. Email: hafsa@keio.jp

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Published

2026-03-18

Issue

Section

Rethinking Mobility, Belonging, and the Role of International Students in Global Societies

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How to Cite

Rifki, H. (2026). “Nobody Taught Me to Read the Air": Housing, belonging, and religious adaptation among Muslim international students in Japan. Journal of International Students, 16(11), 83-106. https://doi.org/10.32674/p9adez72