A non-essentialist view of temporality

Theorizing international students' experiences as forms of future-oriented waiting

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32674/radajy42

Keywords:

Chinese international students, clock time as affect, future-oriented waiting, non-essentialist approach, agency

Abstract

Time is a pervasive dimension of international students’ experiences. However, little research has examined international students’ temporal experiences, particularly how time elicits affective responses. This article addresses this gap by adopting a non-essentialist view of time. Through narrative interviews with four Chinese postgraduate students in the UK, I find that they experienced temporal oppression due to the compressed, accelerated program. They often stayed up late to make time for their academic assignments. However, students reclaimed their temporal agency when they used a prospective perspective (imagining looking back on the present from the future), and they then viewed the accelerated one-year programme as valuable and precious. By theorizing international students’ experiences as future-oriented waiting, this study explores the affective dimension of temporality in their everyday lives and provides empirical insights into students’ lived temporal experiences.

Author Biography

  • Xian Zhao, Manchester University, UK

    Xian Zhao, PhD, is a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the School of Arts, Languages and Cultures (SALC) at the University of Manchester. She works for Dr. Anna Strowe on the project “Translation as Method in Global Mental Health,” funded by the British Academy/Leverhulme Small Grant. She is also a Research Assistant on the project “Reflecting on Power and Justice: Towards Ethical Approaches to Internationalization,” led by Dr. Zhuomin Huang at the University of Manchester. Her research focuses on intercultural communication, temporality, and international student experiences. 

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Published

2026-04-05

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Ranking, Internationalization and Emerging Issues

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How to Cite

Zhao, X. (2026). A non-essentialist view of temporality: Theorizing international students’ experiences as forms of future-oriented waiting. Journal of International Students, 16(9), 85-102. https://doi.org/10.32674/radajy42