The relationship between sleep duration, BMI and optimism levels in generation Z students
Keywords:
sleep, university, quality of life, happinessAbstract
In this study, we examine the relationship between sleep duration and reported levels of optimism in Generation Z (i.e., born after 1996) students aged 17 to 24. This study hypothesizes that optimism and duration of sleep will have a statistically significant positive relationship. Participants in this study are Generation Z college students located in the Southeastern United States. The sample consisted of 1562 students enrolled in a required physical activity class. A Pearson’s correlation determined that there was a statistically significant positive relationship between sleep and optimism. Research implications and future research trends on sleep and optimism are discussed.
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References
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Schou, I., Ekeberg, Ø., Ruland, C. M., Sandvik, L., & Kåresen, R. (2004). Pessimism as a predictor of emotional morbidity one year following breast cancer surgery. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer, 13(5), 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.747
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Walker, M. (2017). Why we sleep: Unlocking the power of sleep and dreams. Simon and Schuster.
Wurm, S., & Benyamini, Y. (2014). Optimism buffers the detrimental effect of negative self-perceptions of ageing on physical and mental health. Psychology & Health, 29(7), 832–848. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2014.891737
Xie, L., Kang, H., Xu, Q., Chen, M. J., Liao, Y., Thiyagarajan, M., ... & Takano, T. (2013). Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain. Science, 342(6156), 373-377. DOI: 10.1126/science.1241224
Alloy, L. B., Abramson, L. Y., Whitehouse, W. G., Hogan, M. E., Panzarella, C., & Rose, D. T. (2006). Prospective incidence of first onsets and recurrences of depression in individuals at high and low cognitive risk for depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115(1), 145.
American Psychological Association (2018). Stress in America: Generation Z. Stress in America™ Survey.
Cappelletti, D, Greco, Monzani, Pancani, & Steca. (2015). Effective pursuit of personal goals: The fostering effect of dispositional optimism on goal commitment and goal progress. Personality and Individual Differences, 82, 203–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.03.019
Cooper, P. G. (2019). Generation Z. Salem Press Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://search-ebscohost-com.libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=100039079
Cox, R., Van Bronkhorst, M. L., Bayda, M., Gomillion, H., Cho, E., Parr, M. E., ... & Stickgold, R. (2018). Sleep selectively stabilizes contextual aspects of negative memories. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-35999-9
Dalley & Vidal (2013). Optimism and positive body image in women: The mediating role of the feared fat self. Personality and Individual Differences, 55, 465–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.04.006
Doolin, J., Vilches, J. E., Cooper, C., Gipson, C., & Sorensen, W. (2018). Perceived stress and worldview influence sleep quality in Bolivian and United States university students. Sleep Health,4(6), 565-571. doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2018.08.006
Ezenwanne, E. B. (2015). Current Concepts of Neurophysiological Factors in Central Regulatory Mechanism of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep: A Review. The West Indian Medical Journal, 65(2), 345–349. DOI: 10.7727/wimj.2014.215
Lau, E. Y., Hui, C. H., Lam, J., & Cheung, S. (2017). Sleep and optimism: A longitudinal study of bidirectional causal relationship and its mediating and moderating variables in a Chinese student sample. Chronobiology International,34(3), 360-372. doi:10.1080/07420528.2016.1276071
Lemola, S., Räikkönen, K., Gomez, V., & Allemand, M. (2012). Optimism and Self-Esteem Are Related to Sleep. Results from a Large Community-Based Sample. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine,20(4), 567-571. doi:10.1007/s12529-012-9272-z
Lemola, S., Räikkönen, K., Scheier, M. F., Matthews, K. A., Pesonen, A. K., Heinonen, K., ... & Kajantie, E. (2011). Sleep quantity, quality and optimism in children. Journal of Sleep Research, 20(1), 12-20. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2010.00856.x
Lund, H. G., Reider, B. D., Whiting, A. B., & Prichard, J. R. (2010). Sleep patterns and predictors of disturbed sleep in a large population of college students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46(2), 124-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.06.016
Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46(2), 137-155.
Manger, P. R., & Siegel, J. M. (2020). Do all mammals dream?. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1-39. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24860
Mansfield, D. R., Antic, N., Rajaratnam, S., & Naughton, M. (2017). Sleep Medicine. Research, Victoria: IP Communications. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=nlebk&AN=1703873
Miller, J. (2018). 10 Things You Need to Know about Gen Z. HR Magazine, 63(7), 50–56. Retrieved from https://search-ebscohost-com.libez.lib.georgiasouthern.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=fth&AN=133041652
Orzech, K. M., Salafsky, D. B., & Hamilton, L. A. (2011). The state of sleep among college students at a large public university. Journal of American College Health, 59(7), 612-619. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2010.520051
Oswald, I. (1980). Sleep as a Restorative Process: Human Clues. Progress in Brain Research,53, 279-288. doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60069-2
Pavey, T. G., Burton, N. W., & Brown, W. J. (2015). Prospective relationships between physical activity and optimism in young and mid-aged women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 12(7), 915-923.
Popan, E. M. (2018). Optimism (psychology). Salem Press Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ers&AN=113931195
Rasmussen, H. N., Scheier, M. F., & Greenhouse, J. B. (2009). Optimism and physical health: A meta-analytic review. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 37(3), 239-256.
Rittenhouse, J. L., PhD, & Miller, R. J., PhD. (2019). Physiology. Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science. Retrieved from https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=ers&AN=87690377
Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., & Bridges, M. W. (1994). Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem): A reevaluation of the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(6), 1063.
Schou, I., Ekeberg, Ø., Ruland, C. M., Sandvik, L., & Kåresen, R. (2004). Pessimism as a predictor of emotional morbidity one year following breast cancer surgery. Psycho‐Oncology: Journal of the Psychological, Social and Behavioral Dimensions of Cancer, 13(5), 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.747
Serlachius, A., Pulkki-Råback, L., Juonala, M., Sabin, M., Lehtimäki, T., Raitakari, O., & Elovainio, M. (2017). Does high optimism protect against the inter-generational transmission of high BMI? The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 100, 61-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.07.006
SleepFoundation.org. https://www.sleepfoundation.org/press-release/national-sleep-foundation-recommends-new-sleep-times
Walker, M. (2017). Why we sleep: Unlocking the power of sleep and dreams. Simon and Schuster.
Wurm, S., & Benyamini, Y. (2014). Optimism buffers the detrimental effect of negative self-perceptions of ageing on physical and mental health. Psychology & Health, 29(7), 832–848. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2014.891737
Xie, L., Kang, H., Xu, Q., Chen, M. J., Liao, Y., Thiyagarajan, M., ... & Takano, T. (2013). Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain. Science, 342(6156), 373-377. DOI: 10.1126/science.1241224
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2022-03-28
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The relationship between sleep duration, BMI and optimism levels in generation Z students. (2022). Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Education, 11(1), 92-101. https://ojed.org/jise/article/view/3161
