RIGOR Walk: Development and Initial Validation of a Framework to Support Rigorous Learning Environments

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32674/1y0nt941

Keywords:

Teaching and Learning, rigor, instructional frameworks

Abstract

The term rigor in education often evokes resistance due to its inconsistent definitions and widespread misconceptions. This study introduces and validates the RIGOR Walk framework, a research- and practitioner-informed tool designed to define, observe, and enhance rigorous learning environments across classrooms. The framework is grounded in five core components—Relationships, Instruction, Goals, Organization, and Relevance—each supported by observable indicators aimed at promoting deep thinking, academic risk-taking, and meaningful engagement. Following iterative rounds of expert feedback, the framework was refined and validated in three phases: (1) establishing face validity through crowdsourced expert critique, (2) analyzing internal consistency and construct validity via 84 classroom observations, and (3) examining concurrent validity through correlations with student reading growth data. Results indicate high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ≥ .81) and moderate, statistically significant correlations between framework implementation and the percentage of students demonstrating one year or more of reading growth (r = .42–.68, p < .001). These findings suggest the RIGOR Walk framework is a reliable and valid tool for identifying and fostering rigorous, equitable, and high-impact instructional practices. Implications for broader content-area applications and longitudinal consistency of implementation are discussed.

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Author Biographies

  • James Marshall, San Diego State University

    James Marshall, Ph.D. is Professor and Senior Director of the Doctoral Program in Educational Leadership at San Diego State University in the United States. His major research interests lie in the area of optimizing human and organizational performance through the design and leadership of learning programs that yield predictable results. Email: marshall@sdsu.edu

  • Douglas Fisher, San Diego State University

    Douglas Fisher, Ph.D. is Professor and Chair in the Department of Educational Leadership at San Diego State University in the United States. His research interests lie in the areas of reading and literacy, differentiated instruction, school leadership, and curriculum design. Email: dfisher@sdsu.edu

  • Nancy Frey, San Diego State University

    Nancy Frey, Ph.D. is a Professor in the Department of Educational Leadership at San Diego State University in the United States. Her research interests lie in the areas of reading and literacy, special education, and school leadership. Email: nfrey@sdsu.edu

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Published

2025-05-28

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Section

Research Articles

How to Cite

RIGOR Walk: Development and Initial Validation of a Framework to Support Rigorous Learning Environments. (2025). Journal of School Administration Research and Development, 10(1), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.32674/1y0nt941