Investigating the Social and Academic Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on International Students at a Canadian University
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v15i2.4738Keywords:
academic and social challenges, COVID-19 pandemic, inclusive excellence framework, institutional supports, international studentsAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant disruptions in traditional educational policies and practices worldwide. The study adopted an equity, diversity, and inclusion lens to investigate the impact of the pandemic on international students in a Canadian university. The findings from data analysis identified challenges and supports for international students in five areas: academic, financial, health and well-being, socialization, and housing and accommodation. There were several gaps between international students’ academic and social needs during the pandemic and the institutional support. While the university prioritized supports in the academic domain, international students identified social challenges as more significant during the pandemic. The gap was also evident in communicating institutional support to students, as some students were not aware of the spectrum of institutional services. Finally, there was a need for more targeted support for international students. The pandemic called for more fundamental and comprehensive actions to support the diverse student population.
References
Anwar, W. (2020, March 26). Campus residences close, students asked to move out. The Sheaf, https://thesheaf.com/2020/03/26/campus-residences-close-students-asked-to-move-out/
[Association of Graduate Students]. (2020, November 11). [Association of Graduate Students] Newsletter.
Bihn, M. (2019, Fall). Helping international students through the lens of diversity, equity, and inclusion. National Association of Independent schools, https://www.nais.org/magazine/independent-school/fall-2019/helping-international-students-through-the-lens-of-diversity,-equity,-and-inclusion/
Calder, M. J., Richter, S., Mao, Y., Burns, K. K., & Mogale, R. S. (2016). International students attending Canadian universities: Their experiences with housing, finances, and other issues. The Canadian Journal of Higher Education, 46, 91–110. https://doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v46i2.184585
Charbonneau, L. (2019, November 5). Most universities report having equity, diversity and inclusion plans, but challenges remain. University Affairs, https://www.universityaffairs.ca/news/news-article/most-universities-report-having-equity-diversity-and-inclusion-plans-but-challenges-remain/
Coulton, M. (2020, November 9). How the pandemic has disrupted the lives of international students in Canada. Macleans, https://www.macleans.ca/education/how-the-pandemic-has-disrupted-the-lives-of-international-students-in-canada/
Dennis, M. (2020, March 28). How will higher education have changed after COVID-19? University World News, https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20200324065639773
de Wit, H. & Altbach, P. G. (2020). Internationalization in higher education: Global trends and recommendations for its future. Policy Reviews in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322969.2020.1820898
Ebrahim, N. (2020, March 16). How Canadian universities and colleges are responding to Coronavirus. Refinary29, https://www.refinery29.com/en-ca/2020/03/9548653/canadian-university-college-closures-coronavirus
Gebhard, J. G. (2012). International students’ adjustment problems and behaviors. Journal of International Students, 2(2), 184–193. Retrieved from http://jistudents.org/
Gomez, C., Kalata, N., Singh, I, & Loiero J. (2020, March 24). International students feeling isolated and financially strapped as they wait out pandemic. CBC News, https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/covid-international-students-universities-pandemic-1.5505222
Guo, S., & Chase, M. (2011). Internationalization of higher education: Integrating international students into Canadian academic environment. Teaching in Higher Education, 16(3), 305–318.
Guo, Y., & Guo S. (2017). Internationalization of Canadian higher education: discrepancies between policies and international student experiences. Studies in Higher Education, 42(5), 851-868. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2017.1293874
[International Student Centre]. (2020, March 19). Student support. Retrieved from [University Name] Announcements.
Jamieson, S. (2004). Likert scales: How to (ab)use them. Medical Education, 38(12), 1217-1218. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.474.608&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Krosnick, J. A., Judd, C. M., & Wittenbrink, B. (2018). The measurement of attitudes. In D. Albarracín, & B.T. Johnson, (Eds.) The Handbook of Attitudes: Volume 1: Basic Principles (2nd ed.) (pp. 45-105). Routledge.
McLeod, S. A. (2019, August 03). Likert scale. Simply Psychology. www.simplypsychology.org/likert-scale.html
Shewaga, J. (2019, June 25). [University Name] confirms record enrolment in 2018/19. [University Name] Health Sciences, https://healthsciences.[University Name].ca/news-and-announcements/news-stories/2019/news-[University Name]-confirms-record-enrolment-in-201819.php
Statistics Canada. (n.d.). Definition of "International students." Retrieved June 22, 2020, from https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/81-004-x/2010005/def/intlstudent-etudiantetranger-eng.htm
Unkule, K. (2020, March 21). An opportunity to change international higher education? University World News, https://www.universityworldnews.com/post.php?story=20200318145041997
Universities Canada. (2017). Inclusive excellence principles. https://president.mcmaster.ca/app/uploads/2020/09/UnivCan_Inclusive-Excellence-Principles_Oct2017.pdf
University Affairs. (n.d.). COVID-19: updates for Canada’s universities. Retrieved March 30, 2020, from https://www.universityaffairs.ca/news/news-article/covid-19-updates-for-canadas-universities/
[University Name]. (n.d.). About [University Name]. Retrieved April 2, 2021, from https://www.[University Name].ca/about/index.php
[University Name]. (n.d.a). Covid-19 Past Updates. https://covid19. https://covid19.[University Name].ca/past-updates.php
[University Name]. (n.d.b). Equity, diversity, and inclusion policy. Retrieved October 13, 2021, from https://policies.[University Name].ca/policies/equity/equity-diversity-inclusion.php#AuthorizationandApproval
[University Name]. (n.d.c). International Students. Retrieved April 2, 2021, from https://admissions.[University Name].ca/requirements/international.php
[University Name] (n.d.d). March 12. Retrieved April 7, 2021, from https://covid19.[University Name].ca/past-updates.php#March
[University Name]. (n.d.e). October 7 – Confirmed positive case at the university. Retrieved April 5, 2021, from https://covid19.[University Name].ca/past-updates.php#October
[University Name]. (n.d.f). Pandemic Response and Recovery Team. Retrieved March 21, 2021, from https://covid19.[University Name].ca/about/prt.php
[University Name]. (n.d.g). Remote teaching student assistant fund. Retrieved April 10, 2021, from https://teaching.[University Name].ca/remote-teaching/sasupportfund.php#Questions
[University Name]. (n.d.h). Students: Crisis financial aid. https://students.[University Name].ca/money/other-loans.php
[University Name]. (n.d.i). Student headcount and demographics. Retrieved March 31, 2020, from https://www.[University Name].ca/isa/statistics/students/headcount-demographics.php
[University Name]. (n.d.j). Students: Remote learning. https://students.[University Name].ca/remote-learning/
[University Name]. (n.d.k). Students: Student events, dates, and deadlines. Retrieved April 8, 2021, from https://students.[University Name].ca/events-calendar/index.php
[University Name] Announcement. (2020, March 30). Health and wellness virtual appointments available. Retrieved from the [University Name] Announcements.
University Relations. (2020, March 26). How you can help our students during COVID-19. Retrieved from the [University Name] Announcements.
Williams, D. A., Berger, J. B., & McClendon, S. A. (2005). Toward a model of inclusive excellence and change in post-secondary institutions. Association of American Colleges and Universities.
Wu, H., Garza, E., & Guzman, N. (2015). International student’s challenge and adjustment to college. Educational Research International, 2015, 1–9.
York University. (n.d.). FAQs for international students about COVID-19. Retrieved March 30, 2020 from https://yorkinternational.yorku.ca/faqs-for-international-students/
Zheng, X., & Berry, J. (1991). Psychological adaptation of Chinese sojourners in Canada. International Journal of Psychology, 26, 451–471.
Zhou, G., & Zhang, Z. (2014). A Study of the First Year International Students at a Canadian University: Challenges and Experiences with Social Integration. Canadian and International Education, 43(2). Article 7, http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/cie-eci/vol43/iss2/7
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The findings, interpretations, conclusions, and views expressed in Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education (JCIHE) are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to CIES, HESIG, or the sponsoring universities of the Editorial Staff. These works are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. Readers are free to copy, display, and distribute articles that appear in JCIHE as long as the work is attributed to the author(s) and JCIHE, it is distributed for non-commercial purposes only, and no alteration or transformation is made in the work. All other uses must be approved by the author(s) or JCIHE. By submitting a manuscript, authors agree to transfer without charge the following rights to JCIHE upon acceptance of the manuscript: first worldwide serial publication rights and the right for JCIHE to grant permissions as its editors judge appropriate for the redistribution of the article, its abstract, and metadata associated with the article in professional indexing and reference services.