Dismantling the Master’s House
A Decolonial Blueprint for Internationalization of Higher Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v15i5.5619Keywords:
critical internationalization, decolonial, decolonization, higher education, international education, postcolonialAbstract
While critical scholars have attempted to decenter internationalization, limited research has aimed to understand internationalization efforts in the context of the socio-historical particularities of the postcolonial condition. This paper takes a decolonial perspective in the study of internationalization, in light of the Eurocentric tendencies of modernity, whose major manifestation in higher education is neoliberal globalization. We unpack internationalization in the U.S. and examine how it is embedded in and reproduces neoliberalism, racism, and colonialism. Since decolonization is not merely deconstructive but also regenerative, we reconceive what it means to be international and recommend how internationalization can be deployed as a tool of decolonization, considering various possibilities for hopeful and ethical praxis. We identify promising practices to spark ongoing reflection and action about ways to contest coloniality/modernity and rethink mobility. This paper can benefit educators seeking to reclaim internationalization and [re]align it with an ethos of mutuality and practices geared at strengthening cooperation, rather than competition.
References
Alatas, S. H. (2000). Intellectual imperialism: Definition, traits, and problems. Asian Journal of Social Science, 28(1), 23-45. https://doi.org/10.1163/030382400X00154
Altbach, P. G. (2003). Academic colonialism in action: American accreditation of foreign universities. International Higher Education, (32), 5-7. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2003.32.7373
Altbach, P. G. (2015). Perspectives on internationalizing higher education. International Higher Education, 27, 6-8. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2002.27.6975
Altbach, P. G., & Knight, J. (2007). The internationalization of higher education: Motivations and realities. Journal of Studies in International Education, 11(3-4), 290-305. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315307303542
Amsler, S. S., & Bolsmann, C. (2011). University ranking as social exclusion. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 33(2), 283-301. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2011.649835
Andreotti, V. O., Stein, S., Ahenakew, C., & Hunt, D. (2015). Mapping interpretations of decolonization in the context of higher education. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, 4(1), 21-40. https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/22168
Appadurai, A. (1999). Globalization and the research imagination. International Social Science Journal, 51(160), 229-238. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2451.00191
Ashcroft, B. (2001). On post-colonial futures. Continuum.
Bamberger, A., Morris, P., & Yemini, M. (2019). Neoliberalism, internationalisation and higher education: connections, contradictions and alternatives. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 40(2), 203-216. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2019.1569879
Battiste, M. (2008). The decolonization of Aboriginal education: Dialogue, reflection, and action in Canada. In P. R. Dasen & A. Akkari (Eds.), Educational theories and practices from the majority world (pp.168-195). Sage.
Berry, T. R. (2014). Internationalization, internalization, and intersectionality of identity: A critical race feminist re-images curriculum. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 30(1), 4-14. https://journal.jctonline.org/index.php/jct/article/view/392
Betts, R. (1998). Decolonization. Routledge.
Blaser, M., & De la Cadena, M. (2018). Pluriverse: Proposals for a world of many worlds. In M. De la Cadena, & M. Blaser (Eds.), A world of many worlds (1-22). Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv125jpzq.4
Boidin, C., Cohen, J., & Grosfoguel, R. (2012). Introduction: From university to pluriversity: A decolonial approach to the present crisis of Western universities. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge, 10(1), 1-6. https://www.okcir.com/product/decolonizing-the-university-practicing-pluriversity/
Bolsmann, C., & Miller, H. (2008). International student recruitment to universities in England: Discourse, rationales and globalisation. Globalisation, Societies and Education, 6(1), 75-88. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767720701855634
Boron, A. (2008). Consolidando la explotación: La academia y el Banco Mundial contra el pensamiento crítico. Editorial Espartaco.
Brandenburg, U., & De Wit, H. (2011). The end of internationalization. International Higher Education, (62), 15-17. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2011.62.8533
Breen, M. (2012). Privileged migration: American undergraduates, study abroad, academic tourism. Critical Arts, 26(1), 82-102. https://doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2012.663163
Breu, C. (2018). The humanities as contradiction: Against the new enclosures. Humanities, 7(3), Article 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/h7030070
Buckner, E., & Stein, S. (2019). What counts as internationalization? Deconstructing the internationalization imperative. Journal of Studies in International Education, 24(2), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315319829878
Byrd, J. (2013, October 23). Silence will fall: The cultural politics of colonial agnosia [research seminar]. WGSI Research Seminar, University of Toronto.
Cannizzo, F. (2018). Tactical evaluations: Everyday neoliberalism in academia. Journal of Sociology, 54(1), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1177/1440783318759094
Carrigan, C., & Bardini, M. (2021). Majorism: Neoliberalism in student culture. Anthropology & Education Quarterly, 52(1), 42-62. https://doi.org/10.1111/aeq.12361
Chatterjee, S., & Barber, K. (2021). Between ‘here-now’ and ‘there-then’: The West and Asia’s colonial entanglements in international higher education. Higher Education, 81(1), 221-239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-020-00538-x
Choudaha, R. (2020). Addressing the affordability crisis for international students. Journal of International Students, 10(2), iii-v. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v10i2.1969
Chovanec, D. M., Gordon, N., Underwood, M., Butt, S., & Diaz, R. S. (2015). Solidarity movements and decolonization: Exploring a pedagogical process. In A. A. Abdi, L. Shultz, & T. Pillay (Eds.), Decolonizing global citizenship education (pp. 157-172). Sense Publishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-277-6_13
Clarke, L. (2021). ‘To educate and liberate?’: Moving from coloniality to postcoloniality in the international branch campus model. Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education, 13(5), 15-35. https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13i5.3655
Cohen, R., & P. Kennedy. (2007). Global sociology (2nd ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
Collins, L. (2021). Offering space at the table: The work of hosting US study abroad students in Northern Thailand. Third World Quarterly, 42(8), 1849-1865. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2021.1937097
Collyer, F. M. (2016). Global patterns in the publishing of academic knowledge: Global North, global South. Current Sociology, 66(1), 56–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392116680020
Connell, R. (2007). Southern theory. Polity Press.
Cupples, J. (2018). Introduction: Coloniality resurgent, coloniality interrupted. In J. Cupples & R. Grosfoguel (Eds.), Unsettling Eurocentrism in the westernized university (pp. 1-22). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315162126
Dados, N., & Connell, R. (2012). The Global South. Contexts, 11(1), 12-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536504212436479
De Saxe, G., & Trotter-Simons, B. (2021). Intersectionality, decolonization, and educating for critical consciousness: Rethinking praxis and resistance in education. Journal of Thought, 55(1/2), 3-20. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27082272
De Vita, G., & Case, P. (2010). Rethinking the internationalisation agenda in UK higher education. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 27(4), 383-398. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877032000128082
Deresiewicz, W. (2015). The neoliberal arts: How college sold its soul to the market. Harper’s Magazine, 331(1984), 25-31. https://harpers.org/archive/2015/09/the-neoliberal-arts/
DeWinter, A., & Klamer, R. (2021). Can COIL be effective in using diversity to contribute to equality? Experiences of iKudu, a European-South African consortium operating via a decolonised approach to project delivery. In M. Satar (Ed.), Virtual exchange: Towards digital equity in internationalisation (pp. 29-40). Research-publishing.net. https://doi.org/10.14705/rpnet.2021.53.1287
Dei, G. S. (2012). Indigenous anti-colonial knowledge as ‘heritage knowledge’ for promoting Black/African education in diasporic contexts. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, 1(1). https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/18631/15559
Di Pietro, G. (2020). Changes in socioeconomic inequality in access to study abroad programs: A cross-country analysis. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility, 66, 100465. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2019.100465
Dixon, M. (2006). Globalization and international higher education: Contested positionings. Journal of Studies in International Education, 10(4), 319-333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315306287789
De Wit, H. 2002. Internationalisation of Higher Education in the United States of America and Europe: A Historical, Comparative, and Conceptual Analysis. Greenwood Press.
De Wit, H. [Critical Internationalization Studies Network]. (2022, February 14). Global trends in international education [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2sALZjy6Ac
Dear, L. (2018). The university as branch plant industry. In J. Cupples & R. Grosfoguel (Eds.), Unsettling Eurocentrism in the westernized university (pp. 23-41). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315162126
Dussel, E. (2003). The philosophy of liberation. Wipf & Stock.
Dutta, M. J. (2014). A culture-centered approach to listening: Voices of social change. International Journal of Listening, 28(2), 67-81. https://doi.org/10.1080/10904018.2014.876266
Dutta, M. J. (2020). Whiteness, internationalization, and erasure: Decolonizing futures from the Global South. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 17(2), 228-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/14791420.2020.1770825
Edwards, R., & Usher, R. (2000). Globalization and pedagogy: Space, place and identity. Routledge.
Fanon, F. (1968). The wretched of the earth. Grove Press.
Finardi, K. R., & Rojo, R. A. O. (2015). Globalization, internationalization and education: What is the connection? International E-Journal of Advances in Education (IJAEDU), 1(1), 18-25. https://doi.org/10.18768/ijaedu.16488
Gaalen, A., Huisman, J., & Sidhu, R. (2021). National policies on education abroad outcomes: Addressing undesired consequences. In A. C. Ogden, B. Streitwieser, & C. V. Mol (Eds.), Education abroad: Bridging scholarship and practice (1st ed., pp. 203-217). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429431463
George Mwangi, C.M., & Yao, C.W. (2021). U.S. higher education internationalization through an equity driven lens: An analysis of concepts, history, and research. In M. B. Paulsen & L. W. Perna (Eds.), Higher education: Handbook of theory and research (pp. 549-609). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44007-7_11
Giroux, H. (2002). Neoliberalism, corporate culture, and the promise of higher education: The university as a democratic public sphere. Harvard Educational Review, 72(4), 425-64. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.72.4.0515nr62324n71p1
Giroux, H. A. (2018). Utopian thinking in dangerous times: Critical pedagogy and the project of educated hope. In M. Cote, R. J. F. Day, & G. de Peuter (Eds.), Utopian pedagogy (pp. 25-42). University of Toronto Press. https://doi.org/10.3138/9781442685093-004
Gómez, M. E. (2019). Decolonial responsibility within international higher education: Institutional commitment and resistance strategies. Voces y Silencios. Revista Latinoamericana de Educación, 10(1), 113-126. https://doi.org/10.18175/vys10.1.2019.09
Gough, N. (2003). Thinking globally in environmental education: Implications for internationalizing curriculum inquiry. In W. F. Pinar (Ed.), International handbook of curriculum research (pp. 53-72). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410607645
Grosfoguel, R. (2002). Colonial difference, geopolitics of knowledge, and global coloniality in the modern/colonial capitalist world-system. Review, 25(3), 203-224. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40241548
Grosfoguel, R. (2007). The epistemic decolonial turn: Beyond political-economy paradigms. Cultural Studies, 21(2-3), 211-223. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380601162514
Gupta, T. (2015). The genesis and growth of commercialization of higher education. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach & Studies, 2(6), 4-16.
Gyamera, G. O. (2015). The internationalisation agenda: a critical examination of internationalisation strategies in public universities in Ghana. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 25(2), 112-131. https://doi.org/10.1080/09620214.2015.1034290
Harris, C. (2020) Reflections on whiteness as property. Harvard Law Review, 134(1), 1-10. https://harvardlawreview.org/forum/vol-133/reflections-on-whiteness-as-property/
Harvey D. (2003). The new imperialism. Oxford University Press.
Hertig, H. P. (2021). Benchmarking and zeitgeist: university ranking in post-turbo-globalized neoliberalism (Post-TGNL). In E. Hazelkorn & G. Mihut (Eds.), Research handbook on university rankings (pp. 93-104). Elgar Handbooks in Education. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788974981
Hou, M. (2021, September 27). Uncovering epistemic dominance and colonial roots in internationalization of higher education. World Council on Intercultural and Global Competence. https://iccglobal.org/2021/09/27/uncovering-epistemic-dominance-and-colonial-roots-in-internationalization-of-higher-education/
Hughes, M. S., & Popoola, V. O. (2022). Perceptions of experiential learning and racial bias following international study abroad in East Africa: A qualitative study. Journal of Studies in International Education, 27(5), 741-759. https://doi.org/10.1177/10283153221105325
Hursh, D., & Wall, A. F. (2011). Repoliticizing higher education assessment within neoliberal globalization. Policy Futures in Education, 9(5), 560-572. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2011.9.5.560
Iorio, V. (2017, July 19). Student: Unraveling white privilege at Trinity. Hartford Courant. https://www.courant.com/2017/07/19/student-unraveling-white-privilege-at-trinity/
Jaschik, S. (2012, March 15). International winners and losers. Inside Higher Ed. https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2012/03/15/educators-consider-who-benefits-internationalization
Jiang, X. (2008). Towards the internationalisation of higher education from a critical perspective. Journal of Further and Higher Education, 32(4), 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098770802395561
Jones, E., Leask, B., & Brandenburg, U. (2021). Global social responsibility and the internationalisation of higher education for society. Journal of Studies in International Education, 25(4), 330-347. https://doi.org/10.1177/10283153211031679
Kapur, D. (2010). Diaspora, development, and democracy: The domestic impact of international migration from India. Princeton University Press.
Khoo, S., Taylor, L. K., & Andreotti, V. O. (2016). Ethical internationalization, neo-liberal restructuring and “beating the bounds” of higher education. In L. Shultz & M. Viczko (Eds.), Assembling and governing the higher education institution (pp. 85-110). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-52261-0_6
Kim, T. (2009). Transnational academic mobility, internationalization and interculturality in higher education. Intercultural Education, 20(5), 395-405. https://doi.org/10.1080/14675980903371241
King, T. L. (2015). Interview with Dr. Tiffany Lethabo King. Feral Feminisms, (4), 64-68. https://feralfeminisms.com/lethabo-king/
Knight, J. (2003). Updating the definition of internationalization. International Higher Education, (33), 2-3. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2003.33.7391
Knight, J. (2007). Internationalization brings important benefits as well as risks. International Higher Education, (46). https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2007.46.7939
Kotzé, L. J. (2019). Coloniality, neoliberalism and the anthropocene. Journal of Human Right and the Environment, 10(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.4337/jhre.2019.01.00
Lanham, C. C., & Voskuil, C. (2022). Virtual exchange: Expanding access to global learning. In U. G. Singh, C. S. Nair, C. Blewett & T. Shea (Eds.), Academic voices: A conversation on new approaches to teaching and learning in the post-COVID world (pp. 3-14). Chandos Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-91185-6.00013-6
Larsen, M. A. (2016). Internationalisation of higher education: An analysis through spatial, network, and mobilities theories. Palgrave Macmillan.
Ling, P., Mazzolini, M., & Giridharan, B. (2014). Towards post-colonial management of transnational education. Australian Universities Review, 56(2), 47-55. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1047074.pdf
Lohaus-Reyes, M. F. (2019). Curricular decolonization from epistemologies of diversity. Transnational Curriculum Inquiry, 16(1), 74-80. https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/tci/index
López-Duarte, C., Maley, J. F., & Vidal-Suárez, M. M. (2021). Main challenges to international student mobility in the European arena. Scientometrics, 126(11), 8957-8980. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-021-04155-y
Lorde, A. (1984). Sister outside: Essay and speeches. Crossing Press.
Maldonado-Torres, N. (2006). Cesaire’s gift and the decolonial turn. Radical Philosophy Review, 9(2), 111-138. https://doi.org/10.5840/radphilrev20069217
Mamdani, M. (2016). Between the public intellectual and the scholar: Decolonization and some post-independence initiatives in African higher education. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 17(1), 68-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649373.2016.1140260
Marginson, S. (2012). The problem of public good(s) in the global era. Higher Education Quarterly, 66(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2273.2011.00509.x
Maringe, F. (2010). The meanings of globalization and internationalisation in HE: Findings from a world survey. In F. Maringe and N. Foskett (Eds.), Globalization and internationalisation in higher education: Theoretical, strategic and management perspectives, (pp. 17-34). Bloomsbury Publishing. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350091122.ch-0002
Martinez-Vargas, C. (2020). Decolonising higher education research: From a university to a pluri-versity of approaches. South African Journal of Higher Education, 34(2), 112-128. https://doi.org/10.20853/34-2-3530
Matus, C., & Talburt, S. (2009). Spatial imaginaries: Universities, internationalization, and feminist geographies. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 30(4), 515-527. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596300903237271
McMurtry, J. (1998). Unequal freedoms: The global market as an ethical system. Garamond Press.
Mignolo, W. D. (2011). I am where I think: Remapping the order of knowing. In F. Lionnet & S. Shih (Eds.), The creolization of theory (pp. 159-192). Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822393320-007
Mignolo, W. D. (2018). What does it mean to decolonize? In W. D. Mignolo & C. E. Walsh (Eds.), On decoloniality: Concepts, analytics, praxis (pp. 105-134). Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780822371779-008
Mignolo, W. D. (2019). Border thinking and decolonial cosmopolitanism: Overcoming colonial/imperial differences. In G. Delanty (Ed.), Routledge international handbook of cosmopolitanism studies (2nd ed., 101-116.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351028905
Mignolo, W. D. (2021). Coloniality and globalization: A decolonial take. Globalizations, 18(5), 720-737. https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2020.1842094
Mintz, B. (2021). Neoliberalism and the crisis in higher education: The cost of ideology. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, 80(1), 79-112. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajes.12370
Muñoz, M. C. (2022). Internationalization in higher education: Equity, affordability, epistemic democracy? Or social reproduction and world-systems stratification? Journal of International Students, 12(S2), 175-192. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v12iS2.4359
Obst, D., Bhandari, R., & Witherell, S. (2007). Meeting America’s global education challenge: Current trends in U.S. study abroad & the impact of strategic diversity. The Institute of International Education. https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/wps/ioie/0015965/f_0015965_13843.pdf
Okere, T. (1983). African philosophy: A historico-hermeneutical investigation of the conditions of its possibility. University Press of America.
Olssen, M., & Peters, M. A. (2005) Neoliberalism, higher education and the knowledge economy: from the free market to knowledge capitalism. Journal of Education Policy, 20(3), 313-345. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680930500108718
Onyenekwu, I., Angeli, M. J., Pinto, R., & Douglas, T. (2017). (Mis)representation among U.S. study abroad programs traveling to the African continent: A critical content analysis of a Teach Abroad program. The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad, 29(1), 68-84. https://doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v29i1.386
Patel, L. (2016). Decolonizing educational research: From ownership to answerability. Routledge.
Pailey, R. N. (2020). De-centering the ‘White gaze’ of development. Development and Change, 51(3), 729-745. https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12550
Peters, M. A. (2017). Manifesto for the postcolonial university. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 2017, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2017.1388660
Phillipson, R. (2008). The linguistic imperialism of neoliberal empire. Critical Inquiry in Language Studies, 5(1), 1-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427580701696886
Ploner, J., & Nada, C. (2020). International student migration and the postcolonial heritage of European higher education: Perspectives from Portugal and the UK. High Education, 80, 373-389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00485-2
Prasad, A. (2003). The gaze of the other: Postcolonial theory and organizational analysis. In A. Prasad (Ed.), Postcolonial theory and organizational analysis: A critical engagement (pp. 3-43). Palgrave MacMillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403982292_1
Quijano, A. (2007). Coloniality and modernity/rationality. Cultural Studies, 21(2-3), 168-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380601164353
Radcliffe, S. A. (2017). Decolonising geographical knowledges. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 42(3), 329-333. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12195
Rizvi, F., Lingard, B., & Lavia, J. (2006). Postcolonialism and education: Negotiating a contested terrain. Pedagogy, Culture and Society, 14(3), 249-262. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681360600891852
Rizvi, F. (2007). Postcolonialism and globalization in education. Cultural Studies Critical Methodologies, 7(3), 256-263. https://doi.org/10.1177/1532708607303606
Rizvi, F. (2011). Theorizing student mobility in an era of globalization. Teachers and Teaching, 17(6), 693-701. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2011.625145
Rössel, J., & Schroedter, J. H. (2021). The unequal distribution of linguistic capital in a transnational economic order. Frontiers in Sociology, 6, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2021.568962
Sanchez-Serra, D., & Marconi, G. (2018). Increasing international students’ tuition fees: The two sides of the coin. Higher Education, (92), 13-14. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2018.92.10278
Saunders, D. (2007) The impact of neoliberalism on college students. Journal of College and Character, 8(5), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.2202/1940-1639.1620
Schmitt, C. (2006). The nomos of the earth (G. L. Ulmen, Trans.). Telos Press Publishing. (Original work published 1950)
Shahjahan, R. A. (2005). Spirituality in the academy: Reclaiming from the margins and evoking a transformative way of knowing the world. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 18(6), 685-711. https://doi.org/10.1080/09518390500298188
Shahjahan, R. (2011). Engaging the faces of ‘resistance’ and social change from decolonizing perspectives: Toward transforming neoliberal higher education. Journal of Curriculum Theorizing, 27(3), 273-286. https://journal.jctonline.org/index.php/jct/article/view/178
Sharipov, F. (2020). Internationalization of higher education: Definition and description. Mental Enlightenment, 2020(1), 127-138. https://uzjournals.edu.uz/tziuj/vol2020/iss1/47
Sharma, N. (2020). Home rule: National sovereignty and the separation of natives and migrants. Duke University Press.
Sharpe, E. K. (2015). Colonialist tendencies in education abroad. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 27(2), 227-234. https://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/pdf/IJTLHE1970.pdf
Shields, R. (2013). Globalization and international student mobility: A network analysis. Comparative Education Review, 57(4), 609-636. https://doi.org/10.1086/671752
Shrivastava, M., & Shrivastava, S. (2014). Political economy of higher education: Comparing South Africa to trends in the world. Higher Education, 67(6), 809-822. http://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-013-9709-6
Siltaoja, M., Juusola, K., & Kivijärvi, M. (2019). ‘World-class’ fantasies: A neocolonial analysis of international branch campuses. Organization, 26(1), 75-97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1350508418775836
Slaughter, S. & Rhoades, G. (2000). The neo-liberal university. New Labor Forum, 6, 73-79. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40342886
Slaughter, S. & Rhoades, G. (2004). Academic capitalism and the new economy: Markets, state and higher education. Johns Hopkins University Press.
Smith, D. G. (1999a). Economic fundamentalism, globalization and the public remains of education. Interchange, 30(1), 93-117. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007577616645
Smith, L. T. (1999b). Decolonizing methodologies: Research and Indigenous peoples. Zed Books.
Smith, D. G. (2006). Trying to teach in a season of great untruth: Globalization, empire and the crises of pedagogy. Sense Publishers.
Sperduti, V. R. (2017). Internationalization as westernization in higher education. Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education, 9(1), 9-12. https://www.ojed.org/index.php/jcihe/article/view/887
Spivak, G. (2012). An aesthetic education in the era of globalization. Harvard University Press.
Staller, K. M. (2022). Beware the kudzu: Corporate creep, university consumers, and epistemic injustice. Qualitative Social Work, 21(4), 643-659. https://doi.org/10.1177/14733250221106639
Stein, S. (2021). Critical internationalization studies at an impasse: Making space for complexity, uncertainty, and complicity in a time of global challenges. Studies in Higher Education, 46(9), 1771-1784. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2019.1704722
Stein, S., & McCartney, D. M. (2021). Emerging conversations in critical internationalization studies. Journal of International Students, 11(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v11iS1.3840
Stokas, A. G. (2023). Reparative universities: Why diversity alone won’t solve racism in higher ed. Johns Hopkins University Press.
Stromquist, N. P. (2007). Internationalization as a response to globalization: Radical shifts in university environments. Higher Education, 53(1), 81-105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-1975-5
Sulaiman, F. R. (2012). Internationalization in education: The British colonial policies on education in Nigeria, 1882-1926. Journal of Sociological Research, 3(2), 84-101. https://doi.org/10.5296/jsr.v3i2.2222
Suspitsyna, T. (2021). Internationalization, whiteness, and biopolitics of higher education. Journal of International Students, 11(1), 50-67. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v11iS1.3843
Tachine, A. R. (2022). Native presence and sovereignty in college: Sustaining Indigenous weapons to defeat systemic monsters. Teachers College Press.
Thompson, V. E., & Zablotsky, V. (2016). Rethinking diversity in academic institutions: For a repoliticization of difference as a matter of social justice. Wagadu: A Journal of Transnational Women’s and Gender Studies, 16, 77-95.
Touwen, J. (2015). A tension between coordination and competition? In J. Touwen, Coordination in transition (pp. 1-32). Brill. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004272583_002
Tuck, E., & Yang, K. W. (2012). Decolonization is not a metaphor. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, 1(1), 1-40.
Urban, C. (2016). Impacts of neoliberal managerial practices on faculty engagement in student learning assessment. Prairie Journal of Educational Research, 1(1), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.4148/2373-0994.1007
Vavrus, F., & Pekol, A. (2015). Critical internationalization: Moving from theory to practice. FIRE: Forum for International Research in Education, 2(2), 5-21. https://doi.org/10.18275/fire201502021036
Wa Thiong’o, N. (1985). The language of African Literature. New Left Review, (105), 109. https://newleftreview.org/issues/i150/articles/thiongo-ngugi-wa-the-language-of-african-literature
Walsh, C. E. (2018). Insurgency and decolonial prospect, praxis, and project. In W. D. Mignolo & C. E. Walsh (Eds.), On decoloniality: Concepts, analytics, praxis (pp. 33-56). Duke University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780822371779-004
Waters, J. L. (2012). Geographies of international education: Mobilities and the reproduction of social (dis)advantage. Geography Compass, 6(3), 123-136. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2011.00473.x
Wildavsky, B. (2012). The Great Brain race: How global universities are reshaping the world. Princeton University Press.
Wilder, C. S. (2013). Ebony and ivory: Race, slavery, and the troubled history of America’s universities. Bloomsbury Publishing USA.
Wilson, K., Ung Loh, J., & Purewal, N. (2018). Gender, violence and the neoliberal state in India. Feminist Review, 119(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41305-018-0109-8
Xaba, W. (2018). The decolonization manifesto. In S. de Jong, R. Icaza, & O. U. Rutazibwa (Eds.), Decolonization and feminisms in global teaching and learning (pp. 69-74). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351128988
Xu, Z. (2021). Examining neocolonialism in international branch campuses in China: A case study of mimicry. Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education, 13(5), 72-85. https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13i5.2540
Yeravdekar, V. R., & Tiwari, G. (2014). Internationalization of higher education and its impact in Asia and Africa: Towards a new paradigm. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 157, 203-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.11.023
Young, R. (2001). Postcolonialism: An historical introduction. Blackwell.
Zeggio, J., & Chiappa, R. [Critical Internationalization Studies Network]. (2022, February 14). Potentialities of decentering internationalization of HED [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DdXKgUU3KGo&t=1421s
Zembylas, M. (2021). Refusal as affective and pedagogical practice in higher education decolonization: A modest proposal. Teaching in Higher Education, 26(7-8), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2021.1900816
Zinkina, J., Christian, D., Grinin, L., Ilyin, I., Andreev, A., Aleshkovski, I., Shulgin, S., & Korotayev, A. (2019). Global sociocultural transformations of the nineteenth century. In A big history of globalization: The emergence of a global world system (pp. 183-193). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05707-7_10
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The findings, interpretations, conclusions, and views expressed in Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education (JCIHE) are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to CIES, HESIG, or the sponsoring universities of the Editorial Staff. These works are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. Readers are free to copy, display, and distribute articles that appear in JCIHE as long as the work is attributed to the author(s) and JCIHE, it is distributed for non-commercial purposes only, and no alteration or transformation is made in the work. All other uses must be approved by the author(s) or JCIHE. By submitting a manuscript, authors agree to transfer without charge the following rights to JCIHE upon acceptance of the manuscript: first worldwide serial publication rights and the right for JCIHE to grant permissions as its editors judge appropriate for the redistribution of the article, its abstract, and metadata associated with the article in professional indexing and reference services.
