Acculturation and Social Media: How Do International Students Engage with Facebook While Abroad?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v14i5.3640Keywords:
Facebook, international students, acculturation, Communication Accommodation Theory, Berry’s acculturation modelAbstract
This study investigates the relationship between Facebook use and acculturation using Berry’s acculturation model and Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) as theoretical frameworks. Seventeen first or second semester international students participated in an online survey. The data were gathered through online pre-/and post-surveys as well as observations of the international students’ Facebook wall postings. Fifteen students shared their Facebook wall postings. The major findings of this study include: a) the pattern of Facebook postings was the same during the semester, b) international students used convergence communication strategies to better communicate with people in their network, and c) some participants’ Facebook postings indicate a strong identification with their native culture.
References
Barker, V., & Ota, H. (2011). Mixi diary versus Facebook photos: Social networking site use
among Japanese and Caucasian American females. Journal of Intercultural
Communication Research, 40(1), 39–63. https://doi.10.1080/17475759.2011.558321
Bekteshi, V., & van Hook, M. (2015). Contextual approach to acculturative stress among
Latina immigrants in the US. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 17(5), 1401-1411.
Berry, J. (1971). Ecological and cultural factors in spatial perceptual development.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 3(4), 324-336. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0082275
Berry, J. W. (1990). Psychology of acculturation: Understanding individuals moving between
cultures. In R. Brislin (Ed.), Applied cross-cultural psychology (pp. 232–253). Newbury, CA: Sage.
Block, D. (2007). Second language identities. London: Continuum.
Chen, L., & Hanasono, L. K. (2016). The effect of acculturation on Chinese international
students’ usage of Facebook and Renren. China Media Research, 12(1), 46-59. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A443551432/AONE?u=csus_main&sid=AONE&xid=202b5189
De La Garza, A. T., & Ono, K. A. (2015). Retheorizing adaptation: Differential adaptation and critical intercultural communication. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 8(4), 269-289. https:// doi.org/10.1080/17513057.2015.1087097
Flick, W. (1992). Triangulation revisited: Strategy of validation or alternative. Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour, 22(2), 175-197.
Furnham, A., & Bochner, S. (1982). Social difficulty in a foreign culture: An empirical study of
culture shock. In S. Bochner (Ed.), Cultures in contact: Studies in cross-cultural interaction(pp. 161-198). Pergamon.
Gallois, C.,Ogay, T. T., & Giles, H.(2005). Communication accommodation theory: A look
back and a look ahead. In W. B. Gudykunst (Ed.), Theorizing about intercultural
communication (pp. 121-148). Sage.
Hsieh, H.F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three approaches to qualitative content analysis.
Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687
Kim, Y. Y. (1979). Toward an interactive theory of communication-acculturation. In B. Ruben
(Ed.), Communication yearbook 3 (pp. 435-453). Piscataway, NJ: Transaction Books.
Kim, Y. Y. (2005). Adapting to a new culture: An integrative communication theory. In W. B.
Gudykunst (Ed.), Theorizing about intercultural communication (pp. 375-400).
Newbury, CA: Sage.
Krashen, S. D. (1981). Second language acquisition and second language learning. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Li, C., & Tsai, W. S. (2015). Social media usage and acculturation: A test with Hispanics in the
U.S. Computers in Human Behavior, 45, 204-212. https://doi.10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.018
Lin, J. H., Peng, W., Kim, M., Kim, S. Y., & LaRose, R. (2011). Social networking and
adjustments among international students. New Media & Society, 14(3), 421–440. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444811418627.
McFaul, S. (2016). International students’ social network: Network mapping to gage
friendship formation and student engagement on campus. Journal of International Students, 6(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.32674/jis.v6i1.393
Omori, K., & Allen, M. (2014). Cultural differences between American and Japanese self-
presentation on SNSs. The International Journal of Interactive Communication Systems and Technologies, 4(1), 47-60. https:// doi.10.4018/ijicst.2014010104
Park, N., Song, H., & Lee, K. M. (2014). Social networking sites and other media use,
acculturation stress, and psychological well-being among East Asian college students in the United States. Computers in Human Behavior, 36,138-146. https://doi.10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.037
Potter, W. J., & Levine-Donnerstein, D. (1999). Rethinking validity and reliability in content analysis. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 27(3), 258-284.
Raacke, J., & Bonds-Raacke, J. (2008). MySpace and Facebook: Applying the uses and gratification theory to exploring friend-networking sites. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(2), 169–174. https://doi. 10.1089/cpb.2007.0056
Raman, P., & Harwood, J. (2016). Media usage and acculturation: Asian Indian professionals in
Silicon Valley. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 1-19.
Schumann, J. (1976). Social distance as a factor in second language acquisition. Language learning, 26, 135-143
Schug, J., Yuki, M., & Maddux, W.W. (2010). Relational mobility explains between-and within-culture differences in self-disclosure to close friends. Psychological Science,21, 1471–1478.
Song, H., Zmyslinski-Seelig, A., Kim, J., Drent, A. M., Victor, A., Omori, K., & Allen, M. R.
(2014). Does Facebook make you lonely?: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human
Behavior, 36, 446-452, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.011
Stephan, W. G., & Stephan, C. W. (1985). Intergroup Anxiety. Journal of Social Issues, 41(3),
-175.
Yang, C., Wu, H., Zhu, M., Brian, G., & Southwell. (2004). Tuning in to fit in? Acculturation
and media use among Chinese students in the United States. Asian Journal of
Communication, 14(1), 81-94.
Ward, C. (2008). Thinking outside the Berry boxes: New perspectives on identity, acculturation and intercultural
relations. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 32(2), 105-114. https:// doi.10.1016/j.ijintrel.2007.11.002
Ward, C., & Kennedy, A. (1994). Acculturation strategies, psychological adjustment, and
sociocultural competence during cross-cultural transitions. International Journal of
Intercultural Relations, 18, 329-343.
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of practice: Learning, meaning, and identity. Cambridge University Press.
Zhang, S. (2012, January 1). Babel or Great Wall: Social media use in an acculturation context
(Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest LLC.
Zung, W. W. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12(1), 63-
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
The findings, interpretations, conclusions, and views expressed in Journal of Comparative and International Higher Education (JCIHE) are entirely those of the authors and should not be attributed in any manner to CIES, HESIG, or the sponsoring universities of the Editorial Staff. These works are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. Readers are free to copy, display, and distribute articles that appear in JCIHE as long as the work is attributed to the author(s) and JCIHE, it is distributed for non-commercial purposes only, and no alteration or transformation is made in the work. All other uses must be approved by the author(s) or JCIHE. By submitting a manuscript, authors agree to transfer without charge the following rights to JCIHE upon acceptance of the manuscript: first worldwide serial publication rights and the right for JCIHE to grant permissions as its editors judge appropriate for the redistribution of the article, its abstract, and metadata associated with the article in professional indexing and reference services.