Cyber Divided: How Taiwanese International Students Make Identity Boundaries within Social Network Sites

Authors

  • Kenneth Han Chen University at Albany-SUNY

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v14i2.3191

Keywords:

Boundary-making, Identity, International Students, Merit, Social Network Sites

Abstract

Cyberspace has become a fixture of contemporary higher education institutions. When facing challenges seeking admission to a foreign university, international students often resort to online resources for guidance. By engaging in these online activities, international students develop a sense of community and identity. Despite recent advancement, existing studies on digital space and international students often fail to address the contentious nature of the community-forming process. Using digital ethnography and interviews, I studied an online forum for Taiwanese international students, STUDYABROAD, to delineate how social networking sites (SNSs) help reinforce group boundaries relating to different class traits and individual characteristics. International students find support and reassurance by socializing with netizen members and learning essential knowledge and information, but they also learn to distinguish different personalities and associate with them based on how they are perceived. By describing how Taiwanese students interpret online forums and develop norms around those communities, this study contributes to a growing strand of research into socialization of the international online community.

References

Ball, S. J., Bowe, R., & Gewirtz, S. (1995). Circuits of schooling: A sociological exploration of parental choice of school in social class contexts. The Sociological Review, 43(1), 52–78.

Beneito-Montagut, R. (2011). Ethnography goes online: Towards a user-centred methodology to research interpersonal communication on the internet. Qualitative Research, 11(6), 716–735. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794111413368

Bilecen, B., & Faist, T. (2015). International doctoral students as knowledge brokers: Reciprocity, trust and solidarity in transnational networks. Global Networks, 15(2), 217–235.

Bourdieu, P. (1973). Cultural reproduction and social reproduction. In R. Brown (Ed.), Knowledge, Education, and Cultural Change. Tavistock Publications.

Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.

Brooks, R., & Waters, J. (2011). Student Mobilities, Migration and the Internationalization of Higher Education. Palgrave Macmillan.

Chen, K. H., & Berman, E. P. (2022). Buying into the Meritocracy: Taiwanese Students and the Market for College Admissions Services. Sociology of Education, 95(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/00380407211055517

Cheng, S., Ma, J.-H., & Missari, S. (2014). The effects of Internet use on adolescents’ first romantic and sexual relationships in Taiwan. International Sociology, 29(4), 324–347. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580914538084

Chung, A. Y., Chen, K., Jung, G., & Li, M. (2018). Thinking Outside the Box: The National Context for Educational Preparation and Adaptation among Chinese and Korean International Students. Research in Comparative and International Education, 13(3), 418–438.

Collins, F. (2014). Globalising higher education in and through urban spaces: Higher education projects, international student mobilities and trans-local connections in Seoul: Globalising higher education in Seoul. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 55(2), 242–257. https://doi.org/10.1111/apv.12055

Deer, C. (2003). Bourdieu on higher education: The meaning of the growing integration of educational systems and self-reflective practice. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 24(2), 195–206.

Feng, S., & Horta, H. (2021). Brokers of international student mobility: The roles and processes of education agents in China. European Journal of Education.

Forbush, E., & Foucault-Welles, B. (2016). Social media use and adaptation among Chinese students beginning to study in the United States. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 50, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2015.10.007

Garcia, A. C., Standlee, A. I., Bechkoff, J., & Yan Cui. (2009). Ethnographic Approaches to the Internet and Computer-Mediated Communication. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 38(1), 52–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891241607310839

Golder, S. A., & Macy, M. W. (2014). Digital Footprints: Opportunities and Challenges for Online Social Research. Annual Review of Sociology, 40(1), 129–152. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043145

Hallett, R. E., & Barber, K. (2014). Ethnographic research in a cyber era. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 43(3), 306–330.

Hudzik, J. K. (2015). Comprehensive internationalization: Institutional pathways to success. Routledge.

Khan, S., & Jerolmack, C. (2013). Saying Meritocracy and Doing Privilege. The Sociological Quarterly, 54(1), 9–19. https://doi.org/10.1111/tsq.12008

Khan, S. R. (2012). Privilege: The making of an adolescent elite at St. Paul’s School (Vol. 56). Princeton University Press.

Kim, T. (2009). Transnational academic mobility, internationalization and interculturality in higher education. Intercultural Education, 20(5), 395–405.

Kim, T. (2010). Transnational academic mobility, knowledge, and identity capital. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 31(5), 577–591. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2010.516939

Knight, J. (2004). Internationalization Remodeled: Definition, Approaches, and Rationales. Journal of Studies in International Education, 8(1), 5–31. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315303260832

Lines, L. (2016). Ghostwriters guaranteeing grades? The quality of online ghostwriting services available to tertiary students in Australia. Teaching in Higher Education, 21(8), 889–914. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2016.1198759

Madge, C., Raghuram, P., & Noxolo, P. (2009). Engaged pedagogy and responsibility: A postcolonial analysis of international students. Geoforum, 40(1), 34–45.

Madge, C., Raghuram, P., & Noxolo, P. (2015). Conceptualizing international education: From international student to international study. Progress in Human Geography, 39(6), 681–701. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309132514526442

Matzat, U. (2009). The Embeddedness of Academic Online Groups in Offline Social Networks: Reputation Gain as a Stimulus for Online Discussion Participation? International Sociology, 24(1), 63–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0268580908095911

Mundy, K., & Murphy, L. (2001). Transnational Advocacy, Global Civil Society? Emerging Evidence from the Field of Education. Comparative Education Review, 45(1), 85–126. https://doi.org/10.1086/447646

Ngai, P. B.-Y. (2019). Online Social Networking and Transnational- Competence Development Among International Students from Japan. Journal of International Students, 9(2), 432–459.

Rui, J. R., & Wang, H. (2015). Social network sites and international students’ cross-cultural adaptation. Computers in Human Behavior, 49, 400–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.041

Stovel, K., & Shaw, L. (2012). Brokerage. Annual Review of Sociology, 38(1), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150054

Tran, L. T. (2016). Mobility as ‘becoming’: A Bourdieuian analysis of the factors shaping international student mobility. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 37(8), 1268–1289. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2015.1044070

Tse, J. K., & Waters, J. L. (2013). Transnational youth transitions: Becoming adults between Vancouver and Hong Kong. Global Networks, 13(4), 535–550.

Waters, J., & Leung, M. (2013). Immobile transnationalisms? Young people and their in situ experiences of ‘international’education in Hong Kong. Urban Studies, 50(3), 606–620.

Watkins, C. (2011). Digital Divide: Navigating the Digital Edge. International Journal of Learning and Media, 3(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1162/ijlm_a_00072

Wee, A. (2019). Space and Identity Construction: A Study of Female Singaporean Undergraduates in the UK. Journal of International Students, 9(2), 384–411.

Xiang, B., & Shen, W. (2009). International student migration and social stratification in China. International Journal of Educational Development, 29(5), 513–522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2009.04.006

Zhang, J., Ackerman, M. S., & Adamic, L. (2007). Expertise networks in online communities: Structure and algorithms. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on World Wide Web, 221–230.

Published

2022-06-01

Issue

Section

Empirical Article

How to Cite

Cyber Divided: How Taiwanese International Students Make Identity Boundaries within Social Network Sites. (2022). Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v14i2.3191