Examining College-Level ELLs’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Goal Orientation

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13i2.2978

Keywords:

English language learner, goal orientation, higher education, instructional strategy, self-efficacy

Abstract

The present study aims to investigate the self-efficacy and goal orientation of college-level English Language Learners (ELLs). It further explored the relationship between self-efficacy and goal orientation. The data were collected from 198 ELLs by using an English Language Learning Survey. Participants had positive self-efficacy toward their English learning. ELLs who were 25 years old and above had a higher level of self-efficacy than those who were less than 25 years old. Females had a greater mastery goal orientation tendency than males. There was a positive correlation between self-efficacy and mastery goals, whereas self-efficacy was negatively correlated with performance-avoidance goals. Teachers are encouraged to provide scaffolding and set assessment focus on ELLs improvement and mastery of content to enhance their self-efficacy and facilitate adopting mastery goals.

References

Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. In F. Pajares & T. Urdan (Eds), Self-efficacy and adolescence (pp. 307–337). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Worth

Publishers.

Bifuh-Ambe, E. (2011). Post-secondary learning: Recognizing the needs of English language learners in mainstream university classrooms. Multicultural Education, 18(3), 13-19.

Church, M. A., Elliot, A. J., & Gable, S. L. (2001). Perceptions of classroom environment, achievement goals, and achievement outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93, 43–54. doi:10.1037//0022-0063.93.1.43.

Cummins, J. (2001). Negotiating identities: Education for empowerment in a diverse society (2nd ed.). Los Angeles, CA: California Association for Bilingual Education.

Deemer E. D., Yough, M., Morel, S. A. (2018). Performance-approach goals, science task preference, and academic procrastination: Exploring the moderating role of competence perceptions. Motivation & Emotion, 42(2): 200-213. doi:10.1007/s11031-017-9649-z.

Dewaele, J.-M., MacIntyre, P. D., Boudreau, C., & Dewaele, L. (2016). Do girls have all the fun? Anxiety and enjoyment in the foreign language classroom. Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition, 2: 41-63.

Diseth, A. (2011). Self-efficacy, goal orientation and learning strategies as mediators between preceding and subsequent academic achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 21(2), 191-195. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2011.01.003

Dweck, C. S. (1986). Motivational processes affecting learning. American Psychologist, 41(10), 1040-1048. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.41.10.1040

Elliot, A. J. (2005). A conceptual history of the achievement goal construct. In A. J. Elliot & C. S. Dweck (Eds.), Handbook of competence and motivation (pp. 52–72). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Elliot, A. J., & Thrash, T. M. (2001). Achievement goals and the hierarchical model of achievement motivation. Educational Psychology Review, 13, 139–156.

Elliott, E. S., & Dweck, C. S. (1988). Goals: An approach to motivation and achievement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 5-12. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.1.5

Fang, F. M., & Zhang, L. (2012). Teachers’ roles in promoting students’ learner autonomy in China. English Language Teaching, 5(4), 51-56.

Fang, Z. (2014). A discussion about college teachers’ roles in English viewing, listening and speaking autonomous learning. International Forum of Teaching and Studies, 10(1), 50-55.

Fasczewski, K. S. (2012). So you are having a bad day: Gender, goal orientation and in-competition attrition rate in competitive cyclists. Dissertations & Theses- Gradworks.

Grafals, Z. (2013). English learning predictors of listening and speaking self-efficacy for adult second language learners (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest. (UMI 3572507).

Hall, N., & Webb, D. (2014). Instructors’ support of student autonomy in an introductory physics course. Physical Review Special Topics–Physics Education Research, 10, 1–22.

Harackiewicz, J. M., Barron, K. E., Tauer, J. M., & Elliot, A. J. (2002). Predicting success in college: A longitudinal study of achievement goals and ability measures as predictors of interest and performance from freshman year through graduation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94(3), 562-575. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.562

Harackiewicz, J. M., Durik, A. M., Barron, K. E., Linnenbrink- Garcia, L., & Tauer, J. M. (2008). The role of achievement goals in the development of interest: Reciprocal relations between achievement goals, interest, and performance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100, 105–122. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.100.1.105.

Jingnan, S. (2011). Autonomy in EFL education. Canadian Social Science, 7(5), 27-32.

Kaplan, A., & Maehr. M. L. (2007). The contribution and prospects of goal orientation

theory. Educational Psychology Review, 19, 141–184. doi:10.1007/s10648-006-9012-5

King, R. B. (2016). Gender differences in motivation, engagement and achievement are related to students’ perceptions of peers-but not of parent or teacher-attitudes toward school. Learning and Individual Differences, 52: 60-71.

Kissau, S., Kolano, L., & Wang, C. (2010). Perceptions of gender differences in high school students’ motivation to learn Spanish. Foreign Language Annals, 43: 703-721.

Klassen, R. M. (2004). A Cross-Cultural Investigation of the Efficacy Beliefs of South Asian Immigrant and Anglo Canadian Nonimmigrant Early Adolescents. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(4), 731-742. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.4.731

Komarraju, M., & Dial, C. (2014). Academic identity, self-efficacy, and self-esteem predict self-determined motivation and goals. Learning and Individual Differences, 32: 1-8.

Koul, R., Roy, L., & Lerdpornkulrat, T. (2012). Motivational goal orientation, perceptions of biology and physics classroom learning environments, and gender. Learning Environments Research, 15(2), 217-229.

Lee, J., & Zentall, S. S. (2012). Reading motivational differences among groups: Reading disability (RD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), RD + ADHD, and typical comparison. Learning and Individual Differences, 22(6), 778-785. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2012.05.010.

Lerdpornkulrat, T., Koul, R., & Sujivorakul, C. (2012). The influence of ability beliefs and motivational orientation on the self-efficacy of high school students in Thailand. Australian Journal of Education, 56(2), 163-181.

Liem, A. D., Lau, S., & Nie, Y. (2008). The role of self-efficacy, task value, and achievement goals in predicting learning strategies, task disengagement, peer relationship, and achievement outcome. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 33(4), 486−512. doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2007.08.001

Lipstein, R. L., & Renninger, K. A. (2007). “Putting things into words”: The development of 12–15-year-old students’ interest for writing. In S. Hidi & P. Boscolo (Eds.), Motivation to write (pp. 113–140). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer. doi: 10.1163/9781849508216_008

Littlewood, W. (2001). Students’ attitudes to classroom English learning: A cross-cultural study. Language Teaching Research, 5(1), 3–28.

Lueg, K., & Lueg, R. (2015). Why do students choose English as a medium of instruction? A Bourdieusian perspective on the study strategies of non-native English speakers. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 14: 5-30.

McGregor, H. A., & Elliot, A. J. (2002). Achievement goals as predictors of achievement-relevant processes prior to task engagement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 381-395. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.381

Midgley, C., Maehr, M. L., Hruda, L. Z., Anderman, E., Anderman, L., Gheen, K. E., …Urdan, T. (2000). Manual for the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan.

Namaziandost, E., & Çakmak, F. (2020). An account of EFL learners’ self-efficacy and gender in the Flipped Classroom Model. Education and Information Technologies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10167-7

Newman, B. J., & Hartman, T. K. (2012). Foreign language exposure, cultural threat, and opposition to immigration. Political Psychology, 33(5), 635-657. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9221.2012.00904.x

Nie, Y., Lau, S., & Liau, A. K. (2011). Role of academic self-efficacy in moderating the relation between task importance and test anxiety. Learning and Individual Differences 21: 736-741.

Oga-Baldwin, W. L. Q., & Nakata, Y. (2017). Engagement, gender, and motivation: A predictive model for Japanese young language learners. System, 65: 151-163.

Perry, N. E., Hutchinson, L., & Thauberger, C. (2007). Mentoring student teachers to design and implement literacy tasks that support self-regulated learning and writing. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 23, 27–50. doi:10.1080/10573560600837636.

Pintrich, P. R. (2000). The role of goal orientation in self-regulated learning. In M. Boekaerts, P. R. Pintrich, & M. Zeidner, Handbook of self-regulation (pp. 451-529). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Pintrich, P. R. (1999). The role of motivation in promoting and sustaining self-regulated learning. International Journal of Educational Research, 31, 459-470.

Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D. H. (2002). Motivation in education: Theory, research, and applications (2nd ed.). Columbus, OH: Merrill-Prentice Hall.

Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D. H. (1996). Motivation in education: Theory, research, and applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Merrill.

Pintrich, P. R., Smith, D. A., Garcia, T., & Mckeachie, W. J. (1991). A manual for the use of the motivated strategies for learning questionnaire (MSLQ). Retrieved from ERIC database. (ED338122).

Sawtelle, V., Brewe, E., & Kramer, L. H. (2012). Exploring the relationship between self-efficacy and retention in introductory physics. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 49, 1096–1121.

Sezgintürk, M., & Sungur, S. (2020). A multidimensional investigation of students’ science self-efficacy: The role of gender. İlkogretim Online-Elementary Education Online, 19(1), 208-218.

Smith, J. L. (2006). The interplay among stereotypes, performance-avoidance goals, and women’s math performance expectations. Sex Roles, 54, 287–296. doi:10.1007/s11199-006-9345-z.

Song, J., Bong, M., Lee, K., & Kim, S. (2015). Longitudinal investigation into the role of perceived social support in adolescents’ academic motivation and achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107, 821–841. doi:10.1037/edu0000016.

Stoet, G., & Geary, D. C. (2018). The gender-equality paradox in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education. Psychological Science, 29(4), 581-593.

Tin, T. B. (2016). Stimulating student interest in language learning: Theory, research and practice. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Utman, C. H. (1997). Performance effects of motivational states: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 1(2), 170–182. doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0102_4

Vogel, F. R., & Human-Vogel, S. (2016). Academic commitment and self-efficacy as predictors of academic achievement in additional materials science. Higher Education Research & Development, 35(6), 1298-1310.

Wigfield, A., & Cambria, J. (2010). Students’ achievement values, goal orientations, and interest: Definitions, development, and relations to achievement outcomes. Developmental Review, 30: 1-35.

Wolters, C. A. (2003). Understanding procrastination from a self-regulated learning perspective. Journal of Educational Psychology, 95(1), 179-87. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.95.1.179

Downloads

Published

2021-05-05 — Updated on 2021-05-07

Versions

Issue

Section

Empirical Article

How to Cite

Examining College-Level ELLs’ Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Goal Orientation. (2021). Journal of Comparative & International Higher Education, 13(2), 65-82. https://doi.org/10.32674/jcihe.v13i2.2978 (Original work published 2021)